Reason is always logical, but logic is not always reasonable. 

Whatever is reasonable is always arguable, but not every argument is reasonable; and therefore arguments alone are not sufficient to distinguish reason from unreason. 

Reason transcends argument. Reason knows it is completed only by what always stands beyond the limits of intelligibility. 

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To the degree an argument is untested, that argument remains arguable.

To the degree an argument is unaware of the tests that can invalidate it, that argument is naive.

To the degree an argument is unconcerned about tests that can invalidate it, that argument is complacent. 

To the degree an argument is hostile to tests that can invalidate it, that argument is ideological. 

To the degree an argument does not conceive tests that can invalidate it, that argument is blind. 

To the degree an argument conceives the failure to conceive tests that can invalidate it as nonexistence of such tests, that argument is blind to blindness.

To the degree an argument confuses mere arguability with truth, that argument is unreasonable. 

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Among my unpopular convictions is this one: Religion is essentially reasonable. Ideologies built with logical arguments that reject the cornerstone of reason are not religions; they are fundamentalisms.

Fundamentalism is the dead opposite of religion.

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A universal scientific method moved by awareness of argumentative limits and of reason’s permanent dependence on mind-transcending realities — an active desire to submit one’s arguments to the judgment of what stands invisibly beyond mind — and consequent mistrust of self-evident certainty — is pious.